Features: Filter Factor NDx3-NDx400: - Approx 1.5 to 9 stops light reduction. Black Almite Frame: - Satin finish reduce reflections. Low Profile Frame: - Avoids vignetting on super wide-angle lenses, will accept a clip-cap. Rotating Inner Ring: - With scale indicating max. through to min. settings. The Hoya Variable Density filter uses two polarizing layers to control the amount of light that passes through the filter and into the camera lens. At it's minimum effect the filter passes 1/3 of the light in a scene. That is equal to 1.5 stops on the aperture or shutter speed. At it maximum effect the filter passes just 1/400 of the light in a scene. That is equal to 9 stops on the aperture or shutter speed. After the filter is mounted on the lens, turning the filter ring between Min and Max can greatly control the amount of light entering the lens. With the Variable Density filter it is possible to shoot with fast lenses like a 50mm f/1.4 lens wide open at f/1.4 in full sun for a very shallow depth of field. Or, to slow down the shutter speed to where the shutter can be open for several seconds in

sunlight. This is enough to create artistic blurring shots of motion on water, cars, people or almost anything that moves. The creative possibilities are endless. For best results use a tripod when photographing with slow shutter speeds.